Net zero means reducing greenhouse gas emissions to as close to zero as possible, while any remaining emissions are reabsorbed from the atmosphere, for example by oceans and forests.
Current national climate plans (195 parties to the Paris Agreement combined) would result in a substantial increase of nearly 9% in global greenhouse gas emissions in 2030 compared to 2010 levels. In order to limit global warming to 1.5°C, as required by the Paris Agreement, emissions need to be reduced by 45% by 2030 and reach net zero emissions by 2050.